William Tyler
Bismarck’s Rule
Monday 13.03.2023
Summary
Bismarck, in most people’s minds, conjures up a picture of a militarist who brought about German Unification in 1871. Yet, that is only part of the story of this extraordinary man. In home affairs, first in Prussia and then in Germany, he proved to be a reformer and a pioneer. He led reforms in education, in agriculture, in industry, in social welfare, and in national infrastructure projects such as railways, as well as much else. At the age of 75, Bismarck’s remarkable career ended abruptly with his dismissal by Kaiser Wilhelm I’s grandson, the unbalanced Wilhelm II, in 1890.
But questions remain. Was Bismarck anti-Semitic, laying the groundwork for The Third Reich? Was he anti-Catholic? Did he create a genuinely democratic State or did it at its heart remain autocratic? Was he a genuine liberal or a closet conservative?